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Take Advantage of High Yields from the World's Soundest Banks

By Carla Pasternak
Editor, High-Yield Investing
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Published:  December 1, 2008

Famous hockey player Wayne Gretzky once described the key to his success: "I skate to where the puck is going to be, not to where it has been." This is great advice for investors in today's market -- especially when they're looking at Canadian banks. Canada's banks have taken a hit with the broader market, but it's where these stocks may be going next that makes them well worth considering.

Canada has six major domestic banks, which account for over 90% of the assets of the country's banking industry. All but one of them, the National Bank of Canada, trade on the New York Stock Exchange. Royal Bank of Canada (NYSE: RY) is the country's largest lender by assets, followed by Toronto-Dominion (NYSE: TD), Bank of Nova Scotia (NYSE: BNS), Bank of Montreal (NYSE: BMO), and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (NYSE: CM).

Although these five banks are not exactly household names for U.S. income investors, they should be. They sport dividend yields of up to 8.4%, boast an average 3-year dividend growth record of +16.8%, and have upped their dividends over the past year an average of +18.8%, and thus far there hasn't been a single dividend cut among them.

Canadian Banks Are The Soundest In The World
It may surprise some readers that Canada's banks were rated the strongest in the world last month by the prestigious World Economic Forum. Canadian lenders score top marks as the most solvent among 134 countries. The banks are also rated fifth in the world for investor protection and sixth for financial market sophistication.

Standard & Poor's recently came to the same positive conclusion about Canadian banks. The credit rating agency wrote in a mid-October client note that Canadian banks are well positioned to weather the downturn. Despite some challenges, S&P analyst Lidia Pareniuk said Canada's banks have "substantially more robust balance sheets and capital positions and lower risk profiles" than their peers in either the U.S. or Europe.

Canada's banks have escaped relatively unscathed from the large subprime mortgage losses suffered by their banking brethren worldwide. They have combined write-downs of about C$11.6 billion on U.S. subprime debt and structured finance products. That's still a tiny portion of some $967.5 billion of write-downs and losses suffered by banks around the world since the third quarter of 2007, according to Bloomberg data.

The country has a healthy housing sector, where subprime mortgages are far less common than in the U.S. Canada's Department of Finance estimates subprime mortgages represent less than 5% of all outstanding mortgages in the country, compared with about 20% in the U.S.

The tightly regulated banking system also helps keep the banks in good financial shape. The conservative capital ratios of Canadian banks are the envy of the world. According to Bank of Canada Governor Mark Carney, Canadian lenders maintain an average asset-to-capital ratio -- a measure of loans issued to cash on hand -- of 18. He compared that to an average of 25 for U.S. investment banks, 30 for European banks, and more than 40 for some major global banks.

Major Entry Opportunity
Despite getting top marks as the world's soundest financial institutions, Canadian banks are being punished along with their peers in the U.S. and Europe. Canadian bank stocks, as measured by the iShares Canadian S&P/TSX Capped Financial Index Fund (Toronto: XFN), are down over -30% during the past three months.

And that spells opportunity. Since price and yield move in opposite directions, as share prices have fallen, yields on Canadian bank stocks have risen to unprecedented levels.

For example, shares of Bank of Montreal (also known as BOM), profiled below, have shed close to -40% since late August, pushing the yield to 8.4%. That's more than two and a half times the bank's average dividend yield of 3.2% over the past decade.

It's the same story for the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC), also profiled below. Today its dividend yield of 8.2% is nearly two and a half times its 10-year average of around 3.3%.

Of course, a higher-than-usual dividend yield can sometimes signal investors believe the dividend is at risk. While we can never rule out a dividend cut down the road, recent actions suggest that Canadian banks are generally confident in their future.

Bank of Nova Scotia and Toronto-Dominion both raised their dividend over the past 12 months, while Royal Bank, Bank of Montreal, and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce upped their dividend last year and have kept that rate thus far through 2008.

As an added bonus, the reverse side of these above-average yields is the below-average prices these bank stocks are sporting right now. In other words, the shares carry strong capital gains potential. For example, the share price of CIBC and BMO could more than double if their yields revert to historical levels. Meanwhile, investors will be paid handsomely while they wait for a turnaround.

No Government Bailouts
We aren't suggesting Canadian banks have dodged all the bullets that hurt banks in other countries, but their challenges have been much more limited. In fact, they are thus far weathering the financial crisis without looking to the government for huge bailouts.

Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper last month came out strongly against any such government aid. "'There is no question, no possibility of bailing out the banks," Harper said. "The banks aren't seeking to be bailed out, the government won't be bailing them out. That isn't going to happen."

That's good news for shareholders, since there's no such thing as a free lunch. The $250 billion capital injection the U.S. government is providing domestic banks comes with strings attached. Some of these strings could impact shareholders. For example, banks that participate in this program cannot buy back their common shares and will need Treasury approval to increase their dividends. The approval process will likely rein in dividend growth in the months ahead.

Still, the Canadian government has taken steps to ensure the country's banks remain competitive on the world scene. In what is known as "regulatory arbitrage," there is risk that banks with government guarantees or funding could have an easier time raising money in international credit markets than Canadian banks. That, in turn, could make it costlier for Canadian companies to access the cash needed to fund operations, forcing them to cut back lending to consumers and businesses.

As part of a series of measures, then, Canada's government pumped C$25 billion of liquidity into the country's financial system. It also agreed to a six-month guarantee on up to C$215 billion of capital that the banks borrow in international markets to ensure Canadian banks aren't hurt by the rescue packages other governments offered their own banks. The government further agreed to buy up to C$75 billion of government-insured mortgage securities and pledged to take any further steps to protect Canadian banks from the global credit crunch.

Canada Not Immune to Global Pressures
Even so, tight credit markets and slowing demand for Canada's export commodities like oil and metals are weighing on the economy and dampening the earnings outlook for the country's banks. Canada's central bank now says the country's economy will advance by only +0.6% this year and next year, before recovering to a +3.4% growth rate in 2010.

Meanwhile, analysts have lowered their earnings guidance on Canada's banks in anticipation of reduced revenues on debt financings and increased write-downs on debt securities tied to the U.S. credit markets. Over the past three months, current earnings estimates for the banks in 2008 have dropped an average of -14%, while 2009 forecasts are -19% lower. In addition, the banks are expected to see earnings decline an average -12% this year, although aggregate earnings are expected to swing to a growth rate of about +5% in 2009, according to consensus estimates provided by Thomson Financial Network.

Investors should also be aware that these bank stocks trade as American depository receipts (ADRs). That means dividends are priced in local Canadian currency and translated into U.S. dollars at the going exchange rate. If the Canadian dollar (also called the "Loonie") strengthens against the U.S. dollar, the distributions will be worth more for U.S. investors. Unfortunately, the reverse is also true.

The Canadian dollar tends to rise and fall with oil and metals prices. The current downward pressure on commodity prices has pushed the Canadian dollar down to around US$0.78 today, from a recent high of US$0.97 in late September. As with any commodity-driven currency, the volatility is a potential risk factor for investors.

Important Note: In the remainder of this article, High-Yield Investing editor Carla Pasternak covers some of her favorite Canadian banks. The picks feature yields of up to 8.4%. In order to view the remainder of this article, you'll need to subscribe to our premium income newsletter -- High-Yield Investing. After you subscribe, you'll receive immediate access to this full article, as well as our monthly High-Yield Investing newsletter and a host of additional premium content. Please visit one of the following links to continue.


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